The exact cause of atherosclerosis is not known. The condition is a result of gradual thickening of the arteries. As a result there is inefficient blood and oxygen supply to the organs.

People who smoke, are obese, have high cholesterol and triglyceride levels, are physically inactive, have high blood pressure and type 1 diabetes and who consume high saturated fat diet are at greater risk of developing atherosclerosis.

Any one or more of the following tests may be used to diagnose – • Doppler sonography • Cardiac catherization • Radionuclide angiography • Blood pressure • Computed tomography (CT) • Myocardial perfusion scan

Atherosclerosis treatment includes – • Medication • Lifestyle change • Dietary changes • Surgery

Medicines such as anticoagulants, antiplatelet, cholesterol lowering medicines and blood pressure medicines may be used in treatment of atherosclerosis.

Coronary angioplasty and coronary artery bypass are the surgical procedures for atherosclerosis.

If the arteries are blocked there is reduction of blood supply. It can reduce the blood to the heart and cause heart attack, stroke, aneurysm or blood clot.

Atherosclerosis can be prevented and delayed by following a healthy lifestyle and dietary habits.

There is no cure for atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is a common problem affecting people more than 40 years age.