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Hepatitis C ndi matenda a virus omwe amakhudza chiwindi. Zimayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka hepatitis C (HCV), kamene kamayambitsa kutupa ndi kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi pakapita nthawi. Hepatitis C imafalikira pokhudzana ndi magazi omwe ali ndi kachilombo, monga kugawana singano kapena zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kubaya mankhwala, kulandira magazi kapena kuyika chiwalo chisanafike chaka cha 1992, kapena kubadwa kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi C.
Hepatitis C imafalikira makamaka pokhudzana ndi magazi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Nazi njira zofala zomwe zimafalitsira:Kugwiritsa ntchito jekeseni mankhwala: Kugawana singano ndi zida zina zojambulira mankhwala ndiyo njira yofala kwambiri ya matenda a chiwindi a C.
Kuthiridwa magazi: Chaka cha 1992 chisanafike, kuikidwa magazi kwina ndi kuika ziwalo zina sikunapimidwe ngati ali ndi matenda a chiwindi a C, kutanthauza kuti mwina anthu ena anatenga kachilomboko motere.
Njira zachipatala: Ngati ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo akhudzana ndi magazi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndiyeno nkulephera kuthira bwino zida, kachilomboka kamatha kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa wina.
Kugonana: Ngakhale kuti sizidziwika bwino, matenda a chiwindi C amatha kufalikira kudzera mu kugonana, makamaka pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi zibwenzi zambiri zogonana.
Mayi kwa mwana: Pali chiopsezo chochepa chotenga kachilomboka panthawi yobereka kuchokera kwa mayi yemwe ali ndi kachilombo kupita kwa mwana wake.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti matenda a chiwindi C samafalikira mwa kungokumana wamba, monga kukumbatirana, kupsopsonana, kapena kugawana ziwiya.
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi C alibe zizindikiro, makamaka kumayambiriro kwa matendawa. Zizindikiro zikachitika, zimatha kusiyanasiyana mokulira komanso nthawi yayitali. Nazi zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za hepatitis C:
Kutopa: Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofala kwambiri za matenda a chiwindi C. Akhoza kukhala ochepa kwambiri mpaka ovuta kwambiri ndipo amatha kusokoneza ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kupweteka mafupa: Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi C amamva ululu m'malo olumikizirana mafupa, makamaka m'manja ndi kumapazi.
ululu m'mimba: Anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi C amamva kupweteka kapena kusamva bwino m’mimba, nthawi zambiri kumanja kumene kuli chiwindi.
Kutaya chilakolako: Ichi ndi chizindikiro chofala cha hepatitis C, ndipo chikhoza kutsagana ndi kuwonda.
Mseru ndi kusanza: Zizindikirozi zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha zotsatira za matenda a chiwindi C pachiwindi.
Jaundice: Khungu ndi maso zimakhala zachikasu ndipo zimatha kuchitika pamene chiwindi sichikugwira ntchito bwino.
Mkodzo wakuda ndi chimbudzi chotuwa: Kusintha kwa mtundu wa mkodzo ndi chimbudzi kungakhale chizindikiro cha hepatitis C.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi C alibe zizindikiro konse, ndipo zizindikiro zimatha kubwera ndi kupita kapena kukhala zofatsa kwambiri. Kuyezetsa ndi njira yokhayo yodziwira ngati muli ndi matenda a chiwindi C. Ngati mukukayikira kuti muli ndi kachilomboka, ndikofunika kuti mukambirane ndi dokotala wanu za kuyezetsa.
Matenda a chiwindi C amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amalimbana ndi kachilomboka ndikuletsa kuti zisachulukane m'thupi. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri a chiwindi C ndi mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda otchedwa Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), omwe amatengedwa pakamwa kwa milungu ingapo mpaka miyezi ingapo. Ma DAA ndi othandiza kwambiri, ndipo machiritso amaposa 95% nthawi zambiri.
Njira yeniyeni ya chithandizo idzadalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana, monga genotype (strain) ya kachilombo ka hepatitis C, kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, ndi thanzi la wodwalayo. Kuchiza kungaphatikizepo kuphatikiza mankhwala osiyanasiyana ndipo kumatha kuyambira masabata 8 mpaka 24.
Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala, kusintha kwa moyo kungathandizenso kuthana ndi matenda a hepatitis C komanso kusintha thanzi la chiwindi. Izi zikuphatikizapo kupewa mowa ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingawononge chiwindi, kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, komanso kulandira katemera wa matenda a chiwindi monga hepatitis A ndi B.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ngakhale kuti matenda a hepatitis C amatha kuchiritsidwa, n'zotheka kutenga kachilombo ka HIV pambuyo pa chithandizo chabwino. Ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu kuti mupewe kutenga kachilomboka, monga kusagawana singano kapena zida zina za jakisoni, kugwiritsa ntchito chitetezo pogonana, komanso kupewa kukhudzana ndi magazi omwe ali ndi kachilombo.
Kupewa matenda a chiwindi C kumaphatikizapo kuchitapo kanthu kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka. Nazi njira zopewera matenda a chiwindi C:
Pewani kugawana singano kapena zida zina za jakisoni: Iyi ndi njira yofala kwambiri ya matenda a chiwindi C. Osagawana singano, majakisoni, kapena zida zina zojambulira ndi ena.
Gwiritsani ntchito njira zodzitetezera pogonana: Ngakhale kuti matendawa sapezeka kawirikawiri, matenda a chiwindi C amatha kupatsirana mwa kugonana. Kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu kumachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka.
Tetemerani katemera wa hepatitis A ndi B: Katemera alipo kuti ateteze ku mitundu ina iyi ya ma virus a hepatitis, omwe angayambitsenso kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.
Samalani mukamalemba ma tattoo kapena kuboola thupi: Onetsetsani kuti zida zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zosabala ndipo sizinagwiritsidwepo ntchito kwa wina.
Pewani kugawana zinthu zowasamalira: Osagawana malezala, misuwachi, kapena zinthu zina zodzisamalira zomwe zingakhudzidwe ndi magazi.
Samalani pogwira magazi kapena zinthu zamagazi: Ngati mumagwira ntchito yachipatala kapena muli pachiwopsezo chotenga magazi, chitani zinthu zoyenera kuti mudziteteze.
Yeretsani magazi ndi zopereka za ziwalo: M'mayiko ambiri, kupereka magazi ndi ziwalo zimapimidwa ngati ali ndi matenda a chiwindi C, koma m'pofunika kuwonetsetsa kuti kuyezetsa ndi bwino.
Potengera izi, mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chotenga matenda a chiwindi C ndikuteteza thanzi lanu lachiwindi.
Mozocare imaperekedwa kuti ipereke chithandizo chamankhwala kwa anthu omwe akukumana ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo, kuphatikizapo matenda a hepatitis C. Ngati inu kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa akukumana ndi zizindikiro za matenda a chiwindi C, tikukulimbikitsani kuti mutithandize. Gulu lathu la akatswiri azachipatala odziwa zambiri ladzipereka kupereka chisamaliro chokwanira ndi chithandizo kwa omwe akufunika.
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